Осторожно, лингвист! [А на вашем трупе, молодой человек, они бы еще и попрыгали...]
читать дальшеThe history of english public schools began with the foundation of Winchester College in 1382. When the Black Plague decimated people of the country, the large proportion of qualified workers died, and they had to be replaced. That's why William Wykeham decided to organise a public school. At first there wasn't any entrance exams, but the students had to pay fee, this system lasted until 1857. But the study in Winchester meant automatic admission to New College of Oxford, so those who went to this school could be sure of their future lives.
The other impressive public school is Eton College. It was founded in 1440 by Henry VI, and since then lot's of outstanding people have graduated it. It's said, that the Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton, as many politicians of that time were Old Etonians - not even mentioning that no less than 20 British Prime Ministers studied in it. Eton has lot's of interesting traditions. Firstly, the uniform in Eton is quite conservative, even now they wear tail-coats and white collars, and stopped wearing top hats only in 1940. It is bought in special shops, and is available only for Eton students. Another interecting thing is the celebration of the Fourth of June, the birthday of College's founder. In fact, it's not accurately June, the 4th, but the wednesday, closest to this date - some people think it is a nice example of english eccentricity. But the celebration is really nice, with its boat procession - the boats are floating down the small river, one by one. In the middle of their way they have to stand up - all of the crew, in the narrow boat, - and throw the flowers from their hats as a salute to Henry VI, while all the crowd on the bank of the river is waiting for the boat to capsize. It's really a show, when these boys in nice uniforms fall into the water and then become as wet and betraggled, as well-dressed they were before - so the spectators can be understood.
Speaking about schools in England, one cannot forget mentioning the Cambrige University. Founded in the early 13th century by the Royal family, it was originally the alternative th Oxford, as the latter's educational environment was terrible for students. Before those times it was a military fort founded by Romans, then there was a large port with a world-known Stourbridge Fair. Then, a university was founded. But then the influx of academics to town made the situation in Cambrige even, may be, worse than in Oxpord, as all these people were law unto themselwes and irritated the population of Cambrige a lot, until some people broke into the university and burned all the records. That didn't help much to the situation, but made a few problems to historians, as the early history of Cambrige is extremly vague because of data loss. The struggle between students and town grew into the fight in 1579, called Ambush at Chesterton, when students who wanted to play football with some people outside the university were beaten by staves and cudgets by young louts of the town. Since then students were banned from playing football outside their colleges. Instead of this, sport was developed in the university, and then priblems appeared. At first, there often were several teams on the one field, interfering each other's games and mixing. Also, the rules used by each team differed a little. So, to stop all this chaos, the association of soccer was founded and new rules were written, simple and used by everyone. This type of game is called soccer, to differ from classic football.
Also, there are several colleges in Cambrige. The oldest is Jesus College, founded in 1486 by the then bishop Alcock. Before there was a priory, but then after finding out some facts of nuns' private lives, he decided that it would be better to turn the priory into the university.
In 1441 King's college was founded by Henry VI, following the idea of links between Oxford and Winchester. At first he planned to create the biggest college in England, but it made the case for too great resources and then the king changed his mind about it. But Henry VI didn't finish the building of the college - because of the Wars of the Roses it was built for three centuries, and two dynastic changes saw into it. It was finished by Tudors, so there are their symbols all over the college. The symbols are really important to all the students, and it can be proved by the fact that Oxonians and Cantabrigians are both laughing at other university's coat of arms, and defend theirs. Oxford has an opened book on its coat of arms - and so Oxonians are called lazy, as they don't turn a page. And Cantabrigians are called ignorant, for the book on their coat of arms is closed, and so they never open it.
Another college, founded by Royal family, was Trinity College. It is really unique for several things. At first, 28 Nobel Prize winners graduated from it. Also, there are interesting sporting challenges, for example, a sprint around the sportyard, which is really large. Also, a college has a well-known student prank, which nearly grew into tradition - students remove a sceptre from the hand of the statue of Henry VIII on main gate. It was so popular, that now the sceptre is replaced.
So, from the above we can see, that England has the developed system of schools, and many public schools have their own great history.
The other impressive public school is Eton College. It was founded in 1440 by Henry VI, and since then lot's of outstanding people have graduated it. It's said, that the Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton, as many politicians of that time were Old Etonians - not even mentioning that no less than 20 British Prime Ministers studied in it. Eton has lot's of interesting traditions. Firstly, the uniform in Eton is quite conservative, even now they wear tail-coats and white collars, and stopped wearing top hats only in 1940. It is bought in special shops, and is available only for Eton students. Another interecting thing is the celebration of the Fourth of June, the birthday of College's founder. In fact, it's not accurately June, the 4th, but the wednesday, closest to this date - some people think it is a nice example of english eccentricity. But the celebration is really nice, with its boat procession - the boats are floating down the small river, one by one. In the middle of their way they have to stand up - all of the crew, in the narrow boat, - and throw the flowers from their hats as a salute to Henry VI, while all the crowd on the bank of the river is waiting for the boat to capsize. It's really a show, when these boys in nice uniforms fall into the water and then become as wet and betraggled, as well-dressed they were before - so the spectators can be understood.
Speaking about schools in England, one cannot forget mentioning the Cambrige University. Founded in the early 13th century by the Royal family, it was originally the alternative th Oxford, as the latter's educational environment was terrible for students. Before those times it was a military fort founded by Romans, then there was a large port with a world-known Stourbridge Fair. Then, a university was founded. But then the influx of academics to town made the situation in Cambrige even, may be, worse than in Oxpord, as all these people were law unto themselwes and irritated the population of Cambrige a lot, until some people broke into the university and burned all the records. That didn't help much to the situation, but made a few problems to historians, as the early history of Cambrige is extremly vague because of data loss. The struggle between students and town grew into the fight in 1579, called Ambush at Chesterton, when students who wanted to play football with some people outside the university were beaten by staves and cudgets by young louts of the town. Since then students were banned from playing football outside their colleges. Instead of this, sport was developed in the university, and then priblems appeared. At first, there often were several teams on the one field, interfering each other's games and mixing. Also, the rules used by each team differed a little. So, to stop all this chaos, the association of soccer was founded and new rules were written, simple and used by everyone. This type of game is called soccer, to differ from classic football.
Also, there are several colleges in Cambrige. The oldest is Jesus College, founded in 1486 by the then bishop Alcock. Before there was a priory, but then after finding out some facts of nuns' private lives, he decided that it would be better to turn the priory into the university.
In 1441 King's college was founded by Henry VI, following the idea of links between Oxford and Winchester. At first he planned to create the biggest college in England, but it made the case for too great resources and then the king changed his mind about it. But Henry VI didn't finish the building of the college - because of the Wars of the Roses it was built for three centuries, and two dynastic changes saw into it. It was finished by Tudors, so there are their symbols all over the college. The symbols are really important to all the students, and it can be proved by the fact that Oxonians and Cantabrigians are both laughing at other university's coat of arms, and defend theirs. Oxford has an opened book on its coat of arms - and so Oxonians are called lazy, as they don't turn a page. And Cantabrigians are called ignorant, for the book on their coat of arms is closed, and so they never open it.
Another college, founded by Royal family, was Trinity College. It is really unique for several things. At first, 28 Nobel Prize winners graduated from it. Also, there are interesting sporting challenges, for example, a sprint around the sportyard, which is really large. Also, a college has a well-known student prank, which nearly grew into tradition - students remove a sceptre from the hand of the statue of Henry VIII on main gate. It was so popular, that now the sceptre is replaced.
So, from the above we can see, that England has the developed system of schools, and many public schools have their own great history.
@темы: ботанизм